It is entirely possible, and actually happens that some of the U.S. soldiers not only understand the situation, but also speak the languages, and in some cases know the customs.
We have various Special Operations Units in-country. Among the Special Operations Units we have Civil Affairs (CA) units there. For those who don't know about the CA Soldiers....They are Specialists whose sole function is to make order out of the Chaos that is war, and/or disasters. Their missions are all about rebuilding the local infrastructure, to include schools, sewage treatment plants, churches, Police Stations, Movie Theaters, Banks, and just about anything necessary to make a community complete. These soldiers have a high percentage linguists in their ranks (normally more than a third of the unit is at least bi-lingual. Most all of the soldiers are very skilled in at least one civilian discipline relating to community rebuilding/maintenance. Most all are also Citizen Soldiers (Reservists), so they are current in their fields of expertise. To keep them sharp, they recieve extra pay for their language abilities, and recieve promotion points as well for their extra linguistic skills.