Let me give this a try as someone who has been going between Androids and iPhones several times over the last 8 years or so.
Android:
Phones tend to be overall more "interesting", more bells and whistles(most of which as non essential), cheaper prices, sometimes by far. Higher dpi screens(which is not noticeable sometimes vs 1080p screens). They have a "back" button! Oh, and did I already mention they have a BACK button?
Keyboards are more robust and diverse. More keyboard options available. Cameras can be really good, but sometimes require know-how to get the best results. Cameras are often sucky in night time performance, and only flagships are sometimes a real exception.
Earpieces and speakers are often of very poor quality. On some phones I struggle to hear the other side well through the earpiece especially on Samsung phones. Samsung phones are the worst. They have a ton of high tech awesome features, but they completely ignore the basics, like providing the user with a good experience during a simple call or using a GPS which often doesn't work at all!
Android phones only have a good fingerprint sensor on Samung and newest Nexus 6p. Outside of that, android phones cant really boast about their fingerprint sensors.
iPhone
Very boring phones overall. No fancy "mumbo jumbo" here. Ancient, archaic OS design, virtually unchanged from the very first iPhone ever. Same god damn home button, NO BACK BUTTON! Old, boring keyboard which doesn't even have a number row! Virtually no cool options for the camera. Virtually no tweaking or customizing. What you see is what you get! It's as simple as that!
However.... And a big "however at that"...
iPhone is rock solid and stable in overall performance, user experience and stability. There are no surprises with it. It doesn't freeze. It never has any issues with GPS. It almost always sounds OK in phone conversations, and through the speaker.
The keyboard, although boring design, is 100% solid and stable and typos are not a very common thing.
There is no need to clear background apps. Phone is good at auto-managing it's resources leaving the user free to enjoy the phone. (Android does this too, but not as well)
Camera, although boring, consistently beats Android phones in "auto" shooting performance. It consistently produces better results overall than ANY android phone.
Please note that android phones can sometimes produce much better photos than the iPhone, but if you take 100 photos with each phone, the iPhone will always have a larger number of better photos.
In the end.... If you want a very stable phone, that never gives you any trouble and just works - however being a very boring, and simple phone, get an iPhone.
But, if you want an "exciting" phone, where you never know what to expect and constantly have to tinker to get more cool stuff out of it, get an Android phone. Better, yet, get a Nexus 6p. It's pretty much the only option right now IMO. Everything else just pales in comparison.