I doubt AMD has much to worry about. Though they posted a loss this time around, they made a lot of very important friends - HP, IBM, Sun server divisions to be exact....
It's not glorious, but wins in the server arena mean a lot for street credit, and can provide good, solid, bankable revenue. What this generation did with K8 was get the word out in both the enthusiast market and the business machine market that AMD means business and can go toe to toe with Intel any day of the week and not blink.
That's a big, bold statement.
Intel has far greater recognition because for most of the 1990s they were it - "Intel" was synonymous with "PC". However, eventually the majority sways to the better product, so if AMD keeps hitting home runs and Intel keeps flubbing (as with Hammer vs. Prescott) you could see some substantial shift over to AMD in the next few years.
This time around, AMD got something better than earnings: They got credibility. If HP, IBM, and Sun, all titans in their areas, say "AMD is good enough for us" then that's going to mean a lot to the CEOs and COOs who make the purchasing decisions for their companies. AMD may end up with a large base firmly entrenched in the business market that will make them all but impossible to topple (much like the position IBM is in now).
However, it should be noted that these depend on a lot of Ifs and AMD playing their cards correctly. But they have a huge window of opportunity in the next few years, I think they know it, and I think they're going to do their damnedest to capitalize on it. The next few years could be very very interesting.
The bottom line is that a lot of major players who weren't paying attention to AMD before are doing so now (recall that Dell considered AMD...just 24 months ago that would have been a laughable thought) - and if AMD keeps up their current track record, the more those major players watch them, the more they'll like what they see.