How to get USB 2.0 to work outside of WinXP

absinthe

Senior member
Apr 13, 2000
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It's become a crusade for me to get my external USB drive to work at USB 2.0 speed outside of a WinXP environment.

Long story short: Got Norton Ghost 2003 a few years ago bundled with Iomega external HDD. It of course came with a driver to create a bootdisk to go into DOS and create/restore images to/from the external drive. The drive enclosure later died, and I replaced it with an Adaptec ACS-100 external USB 2.0 enclosure. Then the drive itself died, and I replaced that, too. Then I built a whole new computer, so everything's new and different now and of course the driver doesn't work.

Or at least it doesn't work at USB 2.0 speed. In fact, Ghost running from PC or MS DOS will recognize and use the drive, but that seems to be due to some kind of legacy support built into the motherboard (see specs below). Transferring gigs of data at USB 1.1 speeds is rather limiting.

It has been suggested to me that perhaps my BIOS is "USB-aware," and that attempts to load a driver are conflicting with whatever the mobo has built in. I've been advised to try disabling USB 2.0 support in the BIOS before booting up to Ghost, but all that does is give me an error message that no host controller was found. I've also tried another driver (Panasonic USB 2.0 driver).

So, trying to find another method for creating images outside of Windows and storing them externally, I discovered BartPE. Oddly enough, when I boot up BartPE, I can't see my USB drive at all! This would seem to fly in the face of the idea that my mobo is providing some kind of built-in legacy USB support.

Some 'net searches yielded me a discussion at some forum in which the question was asked whether BartPE supported USB (I think the question was specific to 2.0). The answer came from Bart himself that yes it did - you just had to have the device plugged in at boot time, or maybe NOT have it plugged it at boot time (it was unclear due to translation issues from Bart's native language; nevertheless, I tried it both ways).

It's all rather frustrating, and I'm woefully uninformed about how to go about solving the problem. I don't know whether it's hardware-specific, related to my mobo or BIOS, XP-related, or related to a driver or lack thereof.

It seems to me that USB 2.0 ought to work in BartPE, since it's basically a Windows environment using Windows drivers.

Any ideas?

-abs
 

absinthe

Senior member
Apr 13, 2000
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Method 4 appears to be exactly what I have - the standard boot disk that the Ghost app in Windows will create for you. Despite the claims on that page, Iomega has stated that their driver supports a rather limited range of hardware.

There may be something on this page that will help. I'll have to play with it. But the page doesn't really address USB 2.0. I can already use Ghost with my USB drive. It just takes 2 hours or more to transfer a small (2 GB) image at USB 1.1 speed. In fact, I can do this with no driver at all ... which is why I'm trying to understand what role my hardware might be playing.

There's a freeware plugin for BartPE called "DriveImage XML" that I'd like to try for imaging purposes ... but I can't get BartPE to see my USB drive at all.

-abs
 

Slikkster

Diamond Member
Apr 29, 2000
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I'm not sure what you mean when you say the page doesn't really address USB 2.0.

Here's a direct quote from the Method 4 section:

"Contents of my boot disk:

aspiehci.sys [Iomega USB 2.0 driver]"

So, what am I missing here?

If you can't get the Iomega 2.0 driver to work, there's a Panasonic driver that appears to work very well. I will post the link to the actual file where the driver has to be extracted from first. Follow the instructions below on how to best use the driver and what folder to extract it from:

http://panasonic.co.jp/pcc/products/drive/cdrrw/kxlrw40an/driver/kxlrw40an.exe

That's the file that the driver needs to be extracted from. Now, here are the details on how to use it:

------------------------------------Instructions------------------------------------------------------

The USBASPI.SYS Panasonic(TM) USB to ASPI driver v2.06 Reference
===========
Description:

File size : 37,903 bytes
Last modified : 27 Nov 2002

Supports UHCI/OHCI (USB 1.x) and EHCI (USB 2.0) and is compatible with many USB implementations from major chipset manufacturers like INTEL, VIA, NVIDIA, SiS, NEC and TI for integrated, onboard, PCI bus or CardBus USB 2.0 host controllers.

===========
Uses:

When used in conjunction with an ASPI Mass Storage Driver, it allows USB storage devices to be accessible in DOS. This is particularly useful in drive cloning, partition resizing and image backup utlities that need to run in DOS mode (e.g. emergency disks for GHOST 2003, Partition Magic, etc...) Examples of USB storage devices are:
1. external hard disks
2. removable storage like Zip, Jaz, LS-120, and floppy drives
3. flash memory like pen drives, or memory cards in USB card readers

Furthermore, with a USB CD-ROM Driver, it allows USB optical drives (like DVD-ROM, CD-ROM drives, and (re)writers) to be used in DOS after MSCDEX extensions are loaded. This makes it possible to install burned images or Operating Systems onto newly formatted systems or replacement hard drives.

Advantages over similiar drivers:
1. Support for USB 2.0 as well as USB 1.x (There are many other files named USBASPI.SYS but most are actually limited to USB 1.1 devices).
2. Compatible with many USB chipset implementations, including Intel, NEC, VIA, NVidia and SIS - onboard, PCI bus, Cardbus.
3. Automatically obtains configuration parameters from Motherboard PnP/ PCI BIOS to minimize difficulties with I/O, Mem and IRQ mapping.

============================================
NOTE: USB support in DOS is considered experimental!
Most hardware manufacturers do NOT provide support for their USB DOS drivers.
============================================

Recommended Usage:

> To detect and map your USB mass storage device to an ASPI device, add this line to your boot diskettes' CONFIG.SYS file

device=USBASPI.SYS /w /v


===========
USBASPI.SYS Switches:

Here are the known valid switches identified so far with the Panasonic(TM) v2.06 USBASPI.SYS driver in CONFIG.SYS

device=[{path}]USBASPI.SYS [/e] [/o] [/u] [/v] [/w] [/r] [/l[#]] [/f] [/slow] [/nocbc] [/norst] [/noprt]

You can specify more than one controller type (e.g. /e /u). This switch can also be used to force slower speed operation on high-speed USB controllers & devices.
The driver will scan for all types of USB controllers, so use these switches to specify which port types to enable. This allows for faster USB scanning. By specifying /u or /o and omitting /e, it forces Full-Speed mode on High-Speed devices. One can't make a Low- or Full-Speed device run at High-Speed.
/e EHCI, for enabling only USB 2.0 controller
/o OHCI, for enabling only add-on/onboard USB 1.1 controller
/u UHCI, for enabling integrated USB 1.1 controller

In verbose mode. USBASPI displays details on controller type and USB devices it detects. It displays the vendor & product ID codes, the controller address range (memory map or I/O port map) of controllers, and the connection speed code for each device.
/v Verbose, shows USB details - excellent troubleshooting tool

These switches modify driver actions
/w Wait, displays prompt message to allow swapping/attaching of target USB device
/l# Luns, to specify highest number of LUN assigned, default /L0
/slow to enter SLOW down mode, gives longer delays when scanning USB devices
/nocbc NO Card Bus Controller?, to disable detection of USB on CardBus slots

This switch is typically used on portable systems with an external USB floppy drive connected to the single USB port for boot-up. Used in conjunction with RAMFD.SYS so after the boot floppy is copied to a RAM drive, (and after the /W pause...) the USB floppy can be removed, and the target mass storage device can be attached and detected
/r Resident, allows driver to stay resident in memory when USB floppy drive is detected.

There are a number of switches whose specific function is still unknown. Please post your discoveries in the USBMAN end-user forum, or the Computing.Net DOS forum.
/noprt - Have found that on some systems with USB on Intel chipset (1.1 or 2.0), if UHCI is normally I/O mapped, using this switch causes USBASPI.SYS to "hang" while detecting host controllers. Could it be for I/O port mode?
/norst
/f


===========
Download Sources:

The USBASPI.SYS driver is supplied for portable USB 2.0 drives from Panasonic and available in the Japanese market. Follow any of the links below to the manufacturer's self-extracting drivers:

http://panasonic.co.jp/pcc/products/drive/cdrrw/kxlrw40an/download.html

Follow the link to download kxlr40an.exe - these are Japanese files for their CD-R/RW drive. USBASPI.SYS is extracted from the F2H subdirectory, and is compatible with English version DOS.


===========
Other Useful Files:


Here are some alternate links for USBASPI.SYS plus other useful device drivers that complement it:

http://panasonic.co.jp/pcc/products/drive/cdrrw/kxlrw40an/driver/kxlrw40an.exe
http://panasonic.co.jp/pcc/products/drive/cdrom/kxl840an/driver/kxl840an.exe
http://panasonic.co.jp/pcc/products/drive/combi/kxlcb20an/driver/kxlcb20an.exe

These are Panasonic driver files for different OEM drives in a Windows self-extracting file. Aside from USBASPI.SYS in the F2H subdirectory the other important drivers are:

USBCD.SYS v1.00 from Panasonic, USB CD-ROM device driver
RAMFD.SYS v1.01 from Panasonic, copies boot floppy disk contents into a RAM disk, write protects and remaps drive letters to RAM disk.


As USBASPI.SYS merely maps USB devices to an ASPI device, additional driver is needed to map the ASPI mass storage to a DOS drive letter. The famous "Motto Hairu" driver includes this important piece, and can be downloaded from:

http://www.driver.novac.co.jp/driver/Mhairu_351u_drv/mhairudos.zip
http://www.stefan2000.com/darkehorse/PC/DOS/Drivers/USB/mhairu.zip

UnZip the file to get these files (the latter has an english translation readme file)

DI1000DD.SYS v2.00 from Novac, ASPI Mass Storage Device Driver {reportedly drive needs to be ATA66 or faster)


In case you have compatibility problems, there are some similiar drivers here

http://www.datoptic.com/Drivers/DAT.exe

This image file creates a bootable diskette that supports USB and firewire in DOS. Of relevance are these drivers:
USBASPI.SYS v2.01 from Medialogic Corp, is very similiar but less-featured version than Panasonic's USBASPI.SYS.
NJ32DISK.SYS v1.06 from Workbit Corp. is very similar to Novac's DI1000DD.SYS.
SBP2ASPI.SYS v1.02 from Medialogic Corp provides ASPI mapping of Firewire storage devices.


===========
Examples:

> If you want to enable only the high-speed USB controller and the mass storage drive, try

device=USBASPI.SYS /e
device=DI1000DD.SYS


> If you have only a single USB port and no internal floppy, use this CONFIG.SYS combination:

device=RAMFD.SYS
device=USBASPI.SYS /w /v /r

> With a CD-ROM drive, install the ASPI CD-ROM device driver after loading USBASPI.SYS in CONFIG.SYS like this:

device=USBASPI.SYS
device=USBCD.SYS /d:USBCD001

and in AUTOEXEC.BAT:

MSCDEX /d:USBCD001

> If you want to connect a USB 2.0 optical drive and an external USB2.0 hard disk simultaneously, put these in the CONFIG.SYS file:

device=USBASPI.SYS /e
device=USBCD.SYS /d:USBCD001
device=DI1000DD.SYS

and in AUTOEXEC.BAT:

MSCDEX /d:USBCD001

> For troubleshooting USB connections, install all your devices and boot from your diskette with this in CONFIG.SYS:

device=USBASPI.SYS /v


===========
Thank you to members of the DarkeHorse, Computing.NET and USBMAN forums for sharing their knowledge and experiences.


===========
Important Notes:

There are other USB 2.0 DOS drivers released on the web, but were found to have a number of limitations in terms of compatibility and configuration:

1. DATOptic's Speedzter supports USB 2.0 & Firewire - their DOS driver seems to be the next best driver in terms of compatibility and functionality.
2. Cypress(TM) DUSE (ver 4.4) supports USB 2.0 and offers many options but seems to have issues for I/O port address or Memory address settings - particularly a limit on the address space range.
3. Iomega(TM) USB & Firewire drivers also support USB2.0 (via ASPIEHCI.SYS) and is also used in Norton/Symantec GHOST but has limited compatibility.


Your boot OS determines what kind of partitions will be supported in your USB device. For FAT32 support, use the DOS boot disk for Windows 98 (MS-DOS 7.10) or the Windows ME Emergency Boot Disk (MS-DOS 8.00). You can add support for long file names using special drivers. Check out these site for relevant links - http://www.opus.co.tt/dave/utils.htm


On the still unknown switches:

/norst - could this mean a RESET will not be sent on the USB device? what is the effect? have tried on a USB printer but saw no difference ...

/f - does NOT seem to be speed related (as in full-speed or fast device detection). Suspect it could be for "floppy" or "flash memory" devices ...




 

absinthe

Senior member
Apr 13, 2000
255
0
0
Sorry Slikkster, I didn't mean to appear ungrateful for the info. you provided. I guess you're right, it does actually mention that it's a USB 2.0 driver. It's just that I've been through most of what's on that page, and the Iomega driver doesn't work for me. And yet after it fails to find my device, I can still use the device in DOS but only at a 1.1 standard (slooooooooooowwww).

I've also tried the Panasonic driver in conjunction with the mass storage device driver ("Motto Hairu," or DI1000DD.SYS), and I get the same result.

Nonetheless, there's definitely some info in your above post that I haven't seen. So I'll be giving it a go. I'd still like to figure out why BartPE can't see my USB drive.

Thanks again,

-abs