Water flows with gravity, downhill, which is the principle used to drain water away from a wood or aluminum window instead of into your home. That is why most wood windows have a sill that slopes away from the window. During a rain storm water hits the outside of the glass, dropping to the sill and draining away from the window.
Many vinyl replacement windows, however, are made on all four sides from the same extrusion, the technical name for the lineal vinyl piece that is cut into sections and welded together to form the frame. The reason you need weep holes is because the sill is the exact same-shaped extrusion as the jambs, which means that the window tracks that hold the sash when in the vertical position of the frame will collect and hold water when functioning as the sill in the bottom horizontal position of the frame. Weep holes allow this water to drain.
So, if there are holes to drain the water out, won't they also allow wind to come in?
Vinyl window manufacturers have anticipated your concerns and have solved that problem in a variety of ways:
- Little doors or flaps are inserted to cover the weep holes. They open outward when water is exiting the window and close to prevent wind pushing against them to get into the window.
- The extrusions are filled with a network of compartments designed primarily to give added strength to the frame, but these chambers also act as baffles against the incoming air, preventing it from entering the house.
- The exterior weep holes that drain the water out of the window are not aligned with the interior weep holes; thus, they block direct air flow into the window.