Depends.
If you're willing to install & configure mono, you should be able to use a somewhat substantial portion of the logic that you can get by decompiling the .net app. (Look up Anakrino for a good decompiler to C#).
I'm not sure how complete the mono class libraries are -- you might be sunk.
Depending on what you're trying to do, there is another option. MS released the source code to a substantial portion of the .net framework under a shared source license -- the code runs and compiles under both Windows and BSD. From what I hear, there's now been a port completed to Linux -- this is for non-profit stuff only.
Search for "Rotor" -- that's the name for the Shared source work.