A modern full frame digital camera ($2000 ballpark) will meet or beat film in almost every regard, especially at higher ISOs.
The latest crop sensor cameras (DX for Nikon, 1.6x factor) are 99% as close, and beat film in resolution, and probably match it in most other applications.
This has been true since approx 2008.
Where's the proof in this claim?
I've wondered the same exact question, and I just recently went to Page, AZ to try and find my conclusion.
With me, I have a 5D Mark 2 with a 24-70 f/2.8L lens equipped with Raw + Landscape Fine JPEG. Post side, I have nik software color effects 3, ready to use the "velvia 100" action.
the contender, a Nikon FE with a 28mm f/2.8 prime, coupled with 2 rolls of velvia 100.
I've gotten my slides developed, and digital, is digital.
Now my next step is to find a GOOD slide scanner, that can get good resolution of my film. So that's what I'm working on now, finding a good scanner.
To further add fuel to the flames, Digital Requires Post Work to get the most out of it. Film is halfway there. But anyways, I've done some exact focal length, aperture/shutter to compare results. Oh yeah, they were on the same tripod too! The FOV should be the same as well, as both cameras uses the 36x24mm format.