Originally posted by: edro
I'm not up to date on my pre-WWII world history, but didn't the Treaty of Versailles say that they couldn't stockpile munitions?
Did Hitler just say they were for defense?
It's not like people didn't know... they hosted the Olympics for god's sake!
Hitler wasn't really responsible for the Wehrmacht's initial resurgence in the late 1920s. The Treaty of Versailles limited the German army to 100,000 men, which meant that only the best and brightest were kept. The limited army was composed disproportionately of officers and was very concerned with how to establish an effective fighting force given the restrictions of Versailles.
As British tank innovation slowed, and then ground to a halt in the late 1920s, it was the Germans who picked up the mantle. They struck a deal with Russia, alllowing German tanks to be constructed in Russia and German tank crews to train there as well. In return, the newly-reorganized Red Army received tactical training.
The Germans continued to construct aircraft, also prohibited by Versailles, by claiming many of their prototypes were civilian, even though it became more and more obvious that the planes that flew under the Lufthansa name were mostly military in nature.
The mid-1930s were a tough time in Europe. Britain was facing crises on nearly all continents within her empire. The US depression radiated into Europe and caused massive budget cuts in the military. Hitler's rise to power (a complicated story to begin with) made an even bigger mess of the situation. His speeches were laced with the language of the Fourteen Points, claiming that Germans should be united and bemoaning the unfair nature of the Versailles treaty. Many within France and Britain thought that Hitler had a point.
While Britain was dealing with her own crises, she turned her back on France who was unwilling to stand up to Hitler on their own. Hitler openly defied the Versailles treaty, expanded the army, established the air force, and began constructing a massive fleet of ships. His army embraced mobile warfare, built tanks (illegal under the Versailles treaty), and trained in the open. France, already concerned about her ability to protect herself and unwilling to provoke another war did nothing. Without support from the US or Britain, France felt it couldn't win a conflict with Germany. Combine that sentiment with their sympathy towards the German fate and the country was immobilized.
Basically, Hitler played Britain and France like a fiddle. He appealed to their sympathies and knew that their scars from the previous war preoccupied them too much. He openly defied their treaties, which only emboldened him further. When push came to shove, France lost the best opportunity to stop Hitler when he remilitarized the Rhineland. If France had moved a muscle, sent a division, or done ANYTHING, Hitler would have been cast out of power.