Hot Swapping SATA Hard Drives

alteredform

Junior Member
May 26, 2009
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I'm trying to complete my due diligence and educate myself on a few areas that I have little experience in. One of which is the migration to external sata hard drive connectors. I am obviously familiar with USB and Firewire connections.... however, I am confused about using an external sata hard drive.

I am currently spec'ing a build that will include the GIGABYTE GA-EP45-UD3P. I have been reading the manual at Gigabyte's website but I can't really find the "duh... you're an idiot" answer...

My question is: as I build this machine, after I assemble my parts, is there a setting the I need to change in the BIOS (prior to OS installation) that I need to enable (ACHI or similar). Or, is this a feature that can be enabled at a later date?

Basically what do I need to do to be able to use a typical SATA hard drive as a portable drive that I can use to transfer files, etc...

Am I over complicating this?
 

corkyg

Elite Member | Peripherals
Super Moderator
Mar 4, 2000
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You can put your standard SATA drive in a eSATA case, such as the Vantec NexStar 3, and then connect it to a bonafide eSATA port on your PC. I have three of them and they are basically hot pluggable with some common sense rules.

This has nothing to do with software, but is made possible by hardware.

The problem with eSATA is that there are few PCs that have a legitimate eSATA external port. You need a card that has a true eSATA port on the backplane. If it is connected by adapter to a mobo SATA port, it is simply an internal SATA drive living on the outside, and "hot pluggability" is then limited.
 

PurdueRy

Lifer
Nov 12, 2004
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He is correct Corkyg though that you will have to set the SATA mode to AHCI before OS installation and load the sata drivers upon windows install.
 

Paperdoc

Platinum Member
Aug 17, 2006
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Part of the trouble is that "normal" SATA controllers sometimes include features that are REQUIRED in true eSATA, and sometimes don't, and it is hard to figure that out. So sometimes using a simple conversion connector that allows you to plug an eSATA external case into a mobo SATA port works OK, sometimes not.

In your case, the mobo manual offers a good solution, I think. It says clearly that there are two SATA controllers - one is by Intel in the Southbridge chip, and it controls six ports in a group labeled "SATA2_0" though "SATA2_5". The other is a Gigabyte controller chip that handles two additional ports right at the end of the RAM slots in a separate group labeled "GSATA2_0" and "GSATA2_1". Each controller chip can be configured separately. The manual also says that each can support hot swapping if it is set to AHCI mode. The trouble is that Windows does not know natively how to handle AHCI, so you have to install the AHCI driver to get that to be able to use a port in this mode. However, if you do that you have a lot of trouble trying to install Windows in the first place, because you have to install the AHCI driver at the start so Windows can access that drive for installation.

I think there's a good way around these restrictions. You set up the main Intel controller NOT to use AHCI and hook up your regular internal SATA drives to it, and install to one of those. Then you set the second (Gigabyte) controller to use AHCI on its ports only and install the AHCI driver into Windows. You hook up your external eSATA drive to the Gigabyte chip-controlled SATA port only, and voila!

You said you want to use a "typical SATA hard drive as a portable drive that I can use to transfer files, etc...". Buy an external drive case that has two features: (a) it accepts a regular internal SATAII drive; and (b) it has at least an eSATA port on the outside (I'd also want a USB2 port, too, for ease of use on other machines). Most actually come with an adapter cable that plugs into a regular mobo SATA port (remember to use the GSATA2_0 in this case - note the "G" at the front) and ends in an eSATA connector mounted in a plate that mounts on the back side of the case like a PCI card. Then you use an eSATA cable to connect from that to the external case.

Now some BIOS details. In your manual, pages 52-53 about the BIOS pages under "Integrated Peripherals", set the "SATA RAID/AHCI Mode" to Disabled, which is the default. Now all six of the SATA ports this controller handles will behave like traditional IDE ports in terms of what Windows sees. On the next line, set "SATA Port0-3 Native Mode" to Enabled. With these two settings, the mobo will make Windows think that it is dealing with simple IDE drives, and Windows already has built in all the info it needs for this. So you can install the OS with no trouble at all to any drive on these ports - probably you put your C: drive you boot from on port SATA2_0.

After you install Windows, go back into BIOS and see manual page 55. Back in "Integrated Peripherals" again, set "Onboard SATA/IDE Device (GIGABYTE SATA2 Chip)" to Enabled (default) to get that chip's ports working. On the next line set "Onboard SATA/IDE Ctrl Mode" to "AHCI" to enable, among other things, hot swapping support on these two ports. Save and exit to boot your system, then go to manual page 65 and use the CD that came with the mobo to install all the required mobo chipset drivers. That process ought to install the AHCI drivers so that feature can be used by Windows on the two SATA ports controlled by the Gigabyte chip.
 

California Roll

Senior member
Nov 8, 2004
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If you enable AHCI in BIOS before you install Windows, you will probably need the drivers available during the install.

However, you can enable AHCI in BIOS after you install Windows, which was a lot easier for me.

To resolve this issue, enable the AHCI driver in the registry before you change the SATA mode of the boot drive. To do this, follow these steps:

1. Exit all Windows-based programs.
2. Click Start, type regedit in the Start Search box, and then press ENTER.
3. If you receive the User Account Control dialog box, click Continue.
4. Locate and then click the following registry subkey:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Msahci
5. In the right pane, right-click Start in the Name column, and then click Modify.
6. In the Value data box, type 0, and then click OK.
7. On the File menu, click Exit to close Registry Editor.

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/922976

I have the UD3R version of your mobo. It has 6 x Sata Intel ICH10R ports and 2 x Sata Gigabyte (Jmicron) ports. There are 2 places in your BIOS to set drive controller to IDE/RAID/AHCI mode. I have my esata drives hooked up to the 2 x Jmicron ports because these do show the "safely remove hardware" icons when drives are connected. The 6 x Intel ports do not, and never will without a 3rd party program.

If you enable AHCI, make sure you install the Intel Matrix Storage Manager (for the ICH10R) and Gigabyte Raid Drivers (for the Jmicron).

After this, you're good to go.
 

corkyg

Elite Member | Peripherals
Super Moderator
Mar 4, 2000
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And if you have a laptop, it is even easier. Just pop in one of these puppies and you are good to go hot plugging. With Vista, the setup is all done PnP.

Lapcards

BTW - the Express card is faster than the Cardbus model.
 

Modelworks

Lifer
Feb 22, 2007
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Or you can use the drives just like usual, without AHCI or esata bios support and still hot swap them. They make cards that are nothing more than a cable that connects to onboard sata and provices a esata jack on the back. After you switch drives, go to device manager and tell it to scan for hardware changes. It will find the drives. Some OS like linux will notice the change automatically.
What esata added to the spec was the ability of the OS to know automatically when the drive was swapped, it isn't required to hot swap.
 

heyheybooboo

Diamond Member
Jun 29, 2007
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Originally posted by: Modelworks
Or you can use the drives just like usual, without AHCI or esata bios support and still hot swap them. They make cards that are nothing more than a cable that connects to onboard sata and provices a esata jack on the back. After you switch drives, go to device manager and tell it to scan for hardware changes. It will find the drives. Some OS like linux will notice the change automatically.
What esata added to the spec was the ability of the OS to know automatically when the drive was swapped, it isn't required to hot swap.

In some instances you have to enable AHCI if the external device has an eSATA port multiplier function.

All in all though, it's gotten a lot easier, thank goodness.