You can boot any linux live distro, partition the drive, and run "mke2fs -v -c -c" to run a read-write test that extensively checks the drive for any unreadable sectors. What I don't know if is the bad block list survives any subsequent partition and reformat - say with ntfs or another file system. But the test is very thorough and time consuming
To test integrity or determine whether a drive is acceptable, I'd use the manufacturer's diagnosis utility which are often available online. It'll certify the drive before sending it off for RMA. It often will scan of the HDD's surface and when it encounters a bad sector, it'll map a new one or tell you to send it for RMA.
If you're interested in reading SMART values and determiniing it's health for yourself for Windows, there's plenty. Try HDDScan or CrystalDiskInfo.
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