Please read my posts in
this thread. Architecturally, the G4 and Athlon are very similar....they're both 3-way fetch, out-of-order, superscalar cores. The Athlon has larger re-order windows, a better branch predictor (necessary due to its longer pipeline), and better floating-point hardware....on the other hand, the G4's SIMD capability with Altivec is far more advanced than 3Dnow or SSE.
But regarding the ISA, I'll quote myself from the linked thread:
<<
x86 apologists look at the Athlon/P3/P4's decoupled execution and x86 -> micro-RISC op conversion, and say that the ISA doesn't matter anymore. Mac apologists look only at the ISA and say that RISC will always be superior. Sensible people look at the whole picture: ISA, microarchitecture, clock rate, engineering, process technology, compiler development, scalability, bandwidth, cache size, etc. >>
The ISA is still important....the steps x86 processors take to bypass x86's limitations, such as decoupled execution & micro-op decoding, introduce longer pipelines and more difficult engineering. Despite register renaming, the ISA is still important as a logical programming model of the CPU....x86's fewer logical registers makes cool compiler optimizations less feasible, like strength-reduction, copy-propogation, and loop unrolling.
But as I said, the ISA is only one part of many of the total equation. In fact, over the past 5 years it seems that process technology has been one of the most crucial components of MPU performance. I like Motorola and their MPUs, but you shouldn't believe Apple's marketing...independent benchmarks like SPEC and that Ace's article you mentioned show that x86 CPUs are at the top of the class in performance, only eclipsed by the latest and greatest (and much, much, much more expensive) high-end RISC designs....again, not just because of ISA, but because of high-end RISC's ability, given their target market, to devote more die size (at the expense of cost) to superior microarchitectures and cache hierarchies.
Then again, once you get past the ISA, Macs now use mostly PC hardware (and sometimes inferior hardware, at that....older video cards, less system & memory bandwidth, etc), so that guy at your office doesn't have much of an argument. Again, I like Macs, they're fine computers...I just hate Apple's marketing BS.
These articles at Ars will be good reads too:
The G4 and the K7: an architectural look at two post-RISC processors
The Pentium 4 and the G4e: an Architectural Comparison (part 1)
The Pentium 4 and the G4e: an Architectural Comparison (part 2)