Constructing a custom case

GenHoth

Platinum Member
Jul 5, 2007
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I've begun to get into the world of custom computer cases, and I had a great idea of my own. However, many of the setups I've seen have been far to expensive or simply unattainable in my current situation. Anyways, I was wondering if any of the Anandtecher's have had experience making their own cases. If so do you know of any useful guides about materials and tools? Or just any hints in general.

I could learn it all from scratch, and will probably make plenty of mistakes along the way. But I figured it would be worth it to cull some knowledge from you guys first!
 

PCTC2

Diamond Member
Feb 18, 2007
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Yeah, I would like the same thing. I want a few custom cases but I don't want to spend $600-1000/case for mountain-mods to do custom fabrication.
 

BonzaiDuck

Lifer
Jun 30, 2004
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Sometime within the next several weeks, I'll be posting a project-summary for my "Chrome Lightning" case-mod. The "thinking" about the project began around November 2006, and the actual sheet-metal and other work started around end of February, 2007.

I have an associate who runs a hole-in-the-wall computer store a couple miles from here. In addition to his store-front business, he acquires many discarded computers and components, and augments revenue by recycling the cyber-junk. On my end, I have to drive 15 or 20 miles each way to dump cyber-junk at a designated county landfill, and I have to pay $8 for each visit. So we arrived at a tacit agreement that he could have my cyber-junk for free if I could occasionally pick items from his cyber-junk pile -- either for free or for a couple dollars -- depending on the level of reciprocation in electronic trash.

For about six months, a complete 1994 Compaq ProLiant Server case stood in his outer shop -- with four two-inch-high SCSI drives, the back-plane, motherboard, video card -- all the LEDs -- the whole enchilada. Initially, I thought it was too big, and didn't warrant my interest. But I changed my mind. We settled on $10, and I later returned the SCSI drives with a cyber-junk delivery.

I'd acquired a few other used-computer discards -- a 1997 IBM Pentium II midtower, and a 1999 Dell Pentium III midtower. As the project took shape, I had an epiphany of inspiration for using components from these latter computers to mod the ProLiant.

So it will be interesting to gauge the interest in the project when I finally finish organizing and selecting photos, and get it written up. Even so, there are some previews scattered among recent posts here in this forum -- most notably my recent pontifications about "Motherboard Ducting."

It will also be interesting, since computer magazines and web-sites such as this one seek to promote the sale of new products in the industry. So the publishing forums for this type of project might raise ambivalence toward "cyber-junk-recycling."

You'll want to get familiar with some local hardware stores, specialty tool stores and sheet-metal stores. My local sheet-metal provider also features a store-front operation that offers a variety of specialty-tools (e.g., drills, drill-bits, pop-rivet supplies, paint, calipers, tap-and-die parts and kits, etc.)

Just as an initial recommendation, I'd suggest you acquire some tools depending on the level and sort of case-building or case-modding you intend to pursue:

1) For measuring, in addition to plastic and metal rulers with a certain precision on the metric scale, a cheap, $20 Centech digital caliper-micrometer comes in very handy.

2) A decent Dremel tool with an assortment of cutting wheels, drill-bits, polishing and sanding wheels, etc. Dremel is "the best," but there are some cheap knock-offs that can be had which I've nevertheless found to be nearly equal in reliability -- from AllTrade and Harbor-Freight (Pittsburgh and Chicago tool companies). For cutting plastic, get some "saw" wheels, and for cutting metal, the fiberglass-reinforced cutting wheels for various grades of mild steel can be had at various hardware stores in 2" diameters, such as ACE. MNPCTECH.com also offers Dremel-compatible cut-off wheels.

3) A "nibbler" for punching through sheet-metal of various grades. A cheap manual spring-loaded model can be had at Radio Shack for about $10. Harbor Freight offers a motorized nibbler for about $50.

4) A pop-rivet tool and an assortment of pop-rivets (steel or aluminum) in various sizes.

5) An assortment of good files -- flat, triangular and rat-tail

6) Some people prefer hole-cutting drill-attachments for cutting fan-holes, but I've found a dremel cutoff wheel to be up to the task, which allows you to leave rigidity-enhancing "frames" of sheet-metal spanning the hole.

7) A $7 spring-loaded punch will help you keep your Makita from skating on sheet-metal and promote accurate hole-drilling. And a good set of carbide drill-bits will come in handy.

8) 6-32, 4-40, 8-32 and 10-32 tap-and-die threaded hole-taps for these standard screw sizes, the drill-bits for cutting holes to be tapped, and the hand-tool for the taps which allow you to manually cut the threads.

9) If you plan to work with Lexan sheets (for case side-panel windows, for instance) and if you need to bend or shape Lexan, you can use a $30 heat-gun from Harbor-Freight. It is even possible to "blow" curved bubble-shapes in Lexan with an air-compressor, home-made mold and a heat-gun.
 

GenHoth

Platinum Member
Jul 5, 2007
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Thanks for the reply Bonzai, I'll make sure to keep all of that in mind! A friend of mine has a workshop, I'll have to check it out before I decide what I need. I do have a quick question though. The shape I want my case to be is non-standard, do you suggest using metal and welding it together? Or perhaps some other material?
 

BonzaiDuck

Lifer
Jun 30, 2004
16,154
1,757
126
Investment in Tools:

If you have a friend with a well-equipped workshop, your need to purchase your own tools might be driven by your expectations of doing one or more similar projects in the future, so you can temper your expenses if you cannot accurately anticipate repeated tool-usage.

For me, while some people drink, use drugs, gamble and exhibit various conventional addictive behaviors, my "addictions" depend on how I expose myself to opportunities: taking a credit card into a Barnes & Noble bookstore -- addiction risk #1; frequent visits to Harbor-Freight, Home Depot and ACE Hardware -- addiction risk #2; extended computer projects during periods of rapid technological activity, coupled with web-surfing NewEgg, Directron, ZipZoomFly, SVC, Sidewinder, CrazyPC, FrozenCPU, and myriad other reseller sites -- addiction risk #3.

WELDING

About 12 years ago, I was living in Northern Virginia and our condo-maintenance-man was retiring to Colorado [sad, because he died a year after moving to Golden.] He had tools he wanted to sell, and he sold me a darn good arc-welder, mask and assorted supplies for $50. I should've kept it, but I unloaded it and sold it to a next-door neighbor for $50. I wish I'd kept it.

It might be useful to make spot-welds if you're building a chassis from scratch. But take a look at an assortment of OEM cases using SECC sheet-steel -- they're mostly constructed using well-placed pop-rivets.

I've even used standard electrical solder and a soldering-gun to "weld" washers as screw-holes to so-called "modder's mesh" (see MNPCTECH.com). MNPCTECH is making good money off sales of the mesh in 1-foot square pieces, but you can buy "perf-steel" as they call it in much larger pieces at the local sheet-metal supplier, with various perforation sizes.

If one were to make some sort of "business" of building cases, it might be useful to acquire a Metal-Brake or Press-Brake & Slip-Roll machine. Harbor Freight sells them at prices beginning at around $200. If one planned to build case-shrouds and chassis from scratch using sheet-metal panels, it would come in handy for bending and cutting the sheet-metal. If that's the plan for your project, you'll be lucky if your friend has one. I know a few people who work with sheet-metal for their automotive addictions and who have heavenly workshops at home, but I haven't found anyone who has a brake yet.
 

GenHoth

Platinum Member
Jul 5, 2007
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How would you suggest incorporating non-90 degree angles into a case? Thanks for all the help, it has been most enlightening!
 

BonzaiDuck

Lifer
Jun 30, 2004
16,154
1,757
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First, I forgot to answer part of your earlier question.

Lexan or Acrylic is a fine choice of material for case-building, if you use a wise cooling strategy that doesn't rely on the case to do double-duty as a heatsink.

Here are the myths about using metal cases:

1) They absorb a significant amount of heat from the motherboard through the standoffs and other contacts
2) The 3-to-1 difference between Aluminum heat-conductivity and SECC steel heat-conductivity warrants use of Aluminum just for this reason in conjunction with 1)
3) Lexan or Acrylic are "bad" because they don't conduct heat like metal does

1) Wrong. If the components are cooled efficiently by air or water-cooling methods, and if the warm air is promptly ducted away from the case without mixing with the coolest intake air, then a metal case has a profoundly insignificant impact on cooling.
2) The two major reasons to use Aluminum are its beauty and its weight. So wrong again . . .
3) There is nothing wrong with building a plastic case, provided that the cooling strategy follows guidlines in 1). So wrong again.

Per right angles. At the sheet-metal store, you can buy Aluminum-U-channel in 1/2", 3/4" and 1" widths; you can buy right-angle ("U"-channel less one side) in the same widths and sizes; and you can buy sheet-steel pieces that fit those profiles.

The problem is in bending a U-channel or right-angle Aluminum piece to make a right-angle bend in the length of it. You might cut 45-degree angles in the "sides" of the U-channel leaving the piece joined at the bottome of the "U," but bending it significantly weakens the metal. Just off the top of my head, there must be brackets that could be purchased and pop-riveted to corners of such metal-frame pieces.

And also -- tentatively -- I suspect that bending sheet-steel lengths in the same size and shapes is less risky. It's much stronger and can probably withstand such bends while maintaining the requisite strength. But this is only "practical thinking," and I'm just an "everyman" when it comes to my knowledge of metal-work.