Condensation occurs on objects when the temperature of that object is below the
dewpoint of the water in the water / air mixture in the atmosphere. The dewpoint is the temperature (at a given pressure) at which the water in the air can no longer exist in a gas phase and changes into a liquid: i.e condenses. The dewpoint varies with water content of the air (humidity) and atmospheric pressure (lower pressure = lower dewpoint temperature).
As the coldest part of the room is most likely to be the glass in the window of the room (assuming its colder outside) then you would expect that liquid water will condense on the window panes before it condenses anywhere else in the room.
Assuming that the humidity of the room stays constant, if the temperature of the room were to drop further then the next objects that would show visible signs of water condensation would be those that are good thermal conductors, i.e give up their thermal energy to the surroundings very easily. These would be glass or metal objects for example.
In the situation of your PC, if the room were cold enough then condensation would appear on the outer metal casing initially, and yes the water in the water / air mixture inside the case would also condense onto the inside surfaces of the case preferentially (as opposed to the components on circuit boards, as glass fibre is not a good conductor of heat).
As there is very little air flow through the PC case when it's switched off we can assume that no further condensation will occur inside the case, and any humid air diffusing into the case will deposit water condensation onto the metal surfaces of the case / fan grill as it enters.
If the humidity of the room is very high then there is the risk of large amounts of condensation on the outside of the case forming large droplets that may enter the case by means of gravity, but if this were true then I would expect the entire room to be very damp indeed.
Conclusion: If there is no condensation on the outside of your case then I'd switch it on without worrying.
Sorry if that was a bit long winded... Yoshi.
