Yes, it can cause a short. Before you do anything else though, eliminate a bad power switch. Remove the power switch wires, then use a screw driver to contact the pins and see if it powers on.
No go? Next, remove it from the case and boot bare bones on the box it came in. Or on a wood desk etc. Clear CMOS or pull battery and reinsert. If it works it was likely shorting, if it does not troubleshoot the usual suspects if you can. PSU, Board, CPU. Pull ram and test one at a time. Try pulling vid card and booting with onboard graphics. Nice if you have known good replacements that are compatible or can borrow them. should it come to that.