FWIW, the CCNA has dramatically increased in difficulty over the last few years. You can read the exam topics at cisco.com.
Seventeen weeks of classes sounds about right for somebody with no networking experience. I would do it, and I would DEFINITELY take the classes in person so that you get to ask questions and practice using the gear. Otherwise you may end up studying your ass off and passing the exam, but you'll be nearly worthless when somebody hires you.
The CCNP exams are not passable by book reading alone, unless you are some kind of world-class studier and memorizer. They have also gotten much more difficult over the last couple of revisions, and the amount of stuff they want you to know, configure, and troubleshoot over 4 exams is staggering. I would worry about getting your CCNA and a steady job before you even start thinking about the CCNP.
As far as finding employment, it sounds like it depends on what part of the country you're looking for work in. I think that in most places you would get good entry-level consideration with a CCNA and an AS. We're probably talking cities here though - small and medium size towns just don't have a ton of demand for enterprise networkers typically. Those types of small businesses will hire a jack-of-all-trades type who will do microsoft, networking, etc and basically run the show. That said, if you wanted to be one of those guys, getting your MCSE in addition to a CCNA would be a great start.
It's true that you won't be doing design work or any super technical networking with a CCNA + no experience, but you wouldn't want to anyway - you're just plain not qualified when you have no practical experience in the field. There is no magic way around putting in your time and paying your dues in this field.