What Are Canker Sores?
Canker sores, also known as aphthous ulcers, are annoying irritations of the mouth that afflict up to 50% of Americans each year. They appear most commonly in adolescents, whose immune systems are not fully developed, and in women just before the onset of menstrual periods. In fact, women are twice as likely as men to get them. If your parents suffered from canker sores, you have a 90% chance of developing them. Often, canker sores occur when you are under stress or run down.
Traumatic ulcers, which are caused by injuries, result in similar sores. These injuries are often caused by rough dentures, a slip of the toothbrush, or hot food.
What Causes Them?
No one knows what causes most canker sores, or why women are more likely to get them. Their appearance, however, often seems related to stress. Some doctors think that canker sores may result from deficiencies in iron, folic acid, vitamin B-12, or a combination. Canker sores may also be caused by an immune system defect, such as a food allergy. Canker sores are not thought to be contagious. They don't pose any health risk other than the discomfort that comes along with them.
What Are the Symptoms?
Small, painful, craterlike ulcers that appear singly or in clusters on the inside of the mouth, usually lasting 5 to 10 days. The sores are grayish white or pale yellow with red borders; they may occur on the inside of the cheeks and lips, on the tongue, at the base of the gums, or on the soft palate.
Tingling or burning in the mouth; this sensation often occurs 6 to 24 hours before sores appear.
Call Your Doctor If:
Your canker sores are extremely painful; your doctor can give you medication to alleviate pain.
The sores last more than 14 days; this may indicate a more serious condition that needs treatment.
You have persistent multiple mouth sores, which may indicate an underlying problem, such as a drug reaction or, in rare cases, oral cancer or leukemia
What Are the Treatments?
Canker sores generally go away by themselves, and in most cases, you can safely ignore them. Many doctors suggest the use of over-the-counter ointments to relieve the discomfort of a canker sore -- such as those for a toothache. Look for a medicine that contains glycerin, which protects the sore, and peroxide, which fights bacteria. If your sore does not respond to over-the-counter or at-home treatments, your doctor may prescribe a medication containing a steroid for the inflammation and lidocaine to relieve pain. If you have an infection, your doctor may treat it with an antibiotic. If the sore is the result of another medical condition, such as a food sensitivity, the underlying condition should be diagnosed and treated.
How Can I Prevent Canker Sores?
Prevention is not foolproof, but there are some things you can do to help ward off canker sores:
-Brush your teeth with disinfecting baking soda.
-Eat 4 tablespoons of live-culture yogurt a day; it contains bacteria that can keep your system healthy.
-Avoid foods that are spicy, salty, or acidic.
-Take vitamin and mineral supplements C, B complex, folic acid, iron, and zinc.
Thank you, WebMD.