My wife's got a guide dog from
The Seeing Eye. Apparently while they're there the dogs get around $30,000 worth of training.
"Leader Dogs" is one of many schools where visually impaired/blind people can get a guide dog, but I've never heard the term used to refer to the dogs themselves. I guess some people must say it but 'guide dog' seems to be more widely used.
One of the more impressive things a guide dog learns is called intelligent disobedience. For example, if the dog and owner are at the curb of a street crossing and a car is coming that the owner doesn't notice. The owner will command the dog 'forward' to cross, but the dog won't budge. They may command them repeatedly, not knowing why the dog won't obey yet, but it'll still wait until it deems it safe.
I haven't seen them myself but there are guide miniature horses! Imagine taking one of those in to work.