Originally posted by: 3chordcharlie
While I understood what you said, and according to the woefully misnamed 'principle of charity' required in logical thought, I think it can be assumed that no one here supports the withdrawal from all activities with any environmental impact; at least, it would be their responsibility to lay explicit claim to such a view.
Rather than 'trump' all that is required is to identify that market economics implicitly places a weight of zero on the preferences of agents not directly involved in a transaction. The environment is an agent, and a limited resource, but it has historically been excluded from considerations as such. It has been treated as an infinite resource, both for 'dumping' and 'extracting'. Increase the weight of environmental impact from zero to anything greater than zero, and you automatically build cleaner factories and transportation (public or otherwise).
First, we seem to be in agreement since what you've said is entirely compatible, perhaps even supportive of, the original bold text, which I was defending.
But merely according some weight ( >0 ) to the environment does not solve the fundamental problem. For we are then left with the question of how much weight to assign the environment, and how this weight compares to that of economic considerations.
Who is to assign the weight? Different people will have differing opinions on what a reasonable weight is. Greedy developers think the environment should be given minimal, if any, consideration. On the other side of the spectrum, we have those that support "the withdrawal from all activies with any environmental impact".
Rather than treating the environment itself as an agent to the transaction, I believe we should assign the environment
to an agent, who will thereby be a party involved in the transaction. This would mean assigning private property rights to property that is now considered "public property". This would include forests, rivers, the ocean, and perhaps one day even the air you breathe. The freerider problem you describe (treating the environment as an infinite resource, assigning it zero consideration) would then be alleviated, because you now have an agent (the property owner) that feels and understands the limited nature of the resource, and assigns value to the resource accordingly. Limited evironmental resources would then, like any other scarce resource/good, be subject to free market forces.
Why don't factories dump their waste into your backyard (literally, behind your house)? Because they know you own your backyard, and they'll have a lawsuit on their hands. By assigning property rights to the environment and hence turning it into all of our "backyards", we can protect the environment in a similar fashion. Sure some factory might pay one owner enough to obtain the right to dump in that owner's backyard, but as we know when supply decreases, price increases, and at some point the factory will be forced by free market forces to stop.
Certain fish and buffalos face extinction because of overfishing and hunting. Yet cows and chickens don't have that problem. Someone owns the cows and chickens, but noone owns the fish and buffalo. Assign ownership rights to precious resources like these, and society fares a much better chance in dealing with our current environmental problems.