A long time. 50 years at least, probably more like 100. We not only need to be able to read the data out, and a computer capable of storing all the data, but that computer must also be capable of realtime processing of all the data at a human speed.
It depends on what you want I guess - just plain storage, or become a fully artificial life form. Storage would be simpler, as there'd be no need to calibrate the computer (android?) so that it would function with human sensory and mobility input/output signals.
So I think storage will come sooner by simple virtue of its relative simplicity.
Then what we need is a way of reading the total contents of a human brain into a computer, in a form which can then be transferred back into another living organ. Then the question would be, would the new brain need to be an exact clone of your own brain, or would any "Grade A UL Listed Human Brain" do the trick? If it's going into another body, not a cloned one, then you'd probably need to learn how to walk all over again.
An android existence could be interesting - if technology allows it, we could potentially become a civilization of androids. For those worried about losing sex and orgasms, don't worry, I'm sure they could be simulated within the new artificial brain, complete with intensity and duration adjustments. Want an orgasm 300x stronger than any you've experienced before? Want to spend your entire weekend having one continuous orgasm? Hey, go for it, just don't be late for work on Monday.
And for those worried about system exploits, hey, we've already got exploits now. Nicotine can hijack the brain's normal reward system - the system of various chemicals which gives you that good feeling when you eat or have sex. Nicotine makes your brain feel the same way.
Physical exploits exist - Agent Orange is a pretty effective way of neutralizing a person. A small metal projectile propelled by gunpowder, or a sharp steel blade, will also do the trick. With a robot, exploits may be more easily reversed.
Sure, homo sapien would cease to exist in this future, save in the form of archived DNA. But hey, other species came and went before we developed, and I don't hear anyone crying about that.
Originally posted by: LoKe
Thought piracy.
Here we go.
Colleges will be suing because people are copying their knowledge and uploading them for others to download.
EDIT: And as for when, I say "never". I don't believe it'll be possible to create an interface for it, nor would anyone ever get approval for testing on humans.
Then there wouldn't be any need for colleges, would there? If you can just go online and download a college education in a few minutes, there wouldn't be much need for the B&M buildings now, would there?
Instead of dorms you'd have a few data centers. Final exams could be administered in the form of a checksum test, to verify that the data was loaded in properly.