I primarily use my Brother AIO scanner, as a network scanner to push scans to any system running their app, but also have a station with a Visioneer Onetouch 8100, which will just work with Win7 if you do something to finesse the driver, so hooked up to the win7 box.
Another system has a Canon 4400F, probably the best scan quality of the 3, which hasn't any driver offered past Win8.1 x64, but like the 8100 is a Twain interface scanner, so I can use a 3rd party app on newer OS like Win10/11, and just stuck with the first one that worked, NAPS2... which must be set to use Twain mode, then just works.
www.naps2.com
I have to laugh when the OP tries to compare a pic from a phone with a decent quality scanner's output. There's no contest, phones are terrible compared to a decent scanner. It's not just the resolution but also the aspect ratio, determining the angle, the further away from center of the image, and the depth of focus, as long as it's a decent scanner not some CIS engine rubbish which is only good for the flattest of flat, text documents.
Here's a motherboard I scanned almost 30 years ago. Scanners have improved
a bit, since then. Disclaimer: I think I might have photoshopped the text on the chipset N/S bridges.
