Wow, I get to post in High Tech forum!?!
"Microwaves" are nothing more than a classification for RF signals with a wavelength of 1mm to 1 meter.
Since frequency = c/wavelength (c = speed of light), these frequencies turn out to be between 300MHz to 300GHz.
On the low end, RF geeks usually categorize the signals by their FCC Bands which is something like (from memory, so don't sue me)
AM - .535 - .1605 MHz
FM - 88 - 108 MHz
VHF TV - 54 - 88 MHz
UHF TV - 170 - 8xx MHz (not positive)
There is a break in UHF at like 200 something and it resumes at 400 something MHz. Everything above the second chunk of UHF is microwave, until you get to infrared
So your cell phones (all of em... GSM, AMPS, CDMA, TDMA, iDEN, WCDMA), beepers, wireless mice, 802.11b, 801.11a, Bluetooth, Cordless phones, and a TON of other stuff can all be considered "microwave" devices.
Microwave technology was really introduced as a result of RADAR experiments in the 1930's and 40's when the British figured out that VHF wouldn't work that great.
w00t, I contributed.