Donation Info
Donation of Bone Marrow
The surgical process of marrow collection is the most common and longest practiced form of donation. The procedure is often performed in a single day on an outpatient basis. Some collection centers may require an overnight stay, depending on the type of anesthesia used.
You arrive at the hospital in the morning, change into a hospital gown, and receive an IV. You enter the operating room when the surgeon is ready. You receive general anesthesia through the IV, meaning you are unconscious throughout the surgical procedure. Some centers use a local anesthesia to numb only the area where donation will occur, and you remain conscious. Be sure to ask the center personnel how they use anesthesia.
The surgeon typically removes marrow from the iliac crest, which is the back part of the pelvis (your hip bone). Several incisions?from four to eight?are made in your skin, and a large hollow needle is inserted several times through these incisions into the bone to extract the marrow. The incisions are small enough to heal without requiring stitches.
About one or two pints (500-1,000 milliliters) of marrow are taken, representing only 2%-5% of your body's entire marrow. The procedure lasts 60 to 90 minutes. The bone marrow is cleaned to remove bone fragments and unwanted blood components. The marrow may also be specially treated and frozen for transportation. Frozen marrow can last as long as three years.
You will be moved to a recovery room following the surgery until you wake up from the anesthesia. Then you will be moved to a hospital room. When you go home depends on how quickly you recover fully from the anesthesia.
Following surgery you will have pain in your hip area. You may also feel tired.
The risks associated with this procedure are similar to those of other surgeries involving anesthesia but not as severe as whole organ donation:
* Pain. This is a certainty. The pain is described as similar to having taken a hard fall. The pain is treated with analgesics and goes away after 14 days on average (R. Ordemann, et al., 1998).
* Infection. The wound(s) from the incisions could become infected, delaying the healing process and possibly causing scarring. Antibiotics are used to treat any infections.
* Allergic reaction to anesthesia. Part of the screening process includes identifying allergies you may have. In the event of an allergic reaction to anesthesia, the anesthetist will take immediate corrective action.