So I have been having the same issue for months now, RMA'd my card 3 times Issue started with a 580 lightning then they upgraded me to a 680 for the trouble, tried everything i could think of, and everything MSI and Asus tech Support could think of, from full re-install and cmos flash, loaded new bios on the card, Old BIOS on board, and every time I installed the Nvidia driver for my 680 it wen black screen after welcome screen, then switched to second bios that was back up of the first one I cleared out, I noticed that my virtualization was disabled, enabled it and no more black screen. hope it does the same for you guy's I guess is something in the driver runs legacy and requires the Windows Background XP compatibility virtualization to function, don't quote me on that just a guess.
So right now my system is sitting on a fresh install all important updates installed except the 680 Microsoft update, and none of the optional updates installed (Gonna go through them 1 by one and see if one in particular causes any issues) Installed the Nvidia 680 314.22 But the black screen was still occurring at this point then the only thing i changed to get it functioning again was enable virtualization in bios. set to enable and rebooted viola good to go ran 3d mark and prime no glitches, I have installed more optional updates and software and rebooted about 100 times no more black screen about to run kombustor and stress this brand new 680 out, see if i can break it.... lol
i7-3770K @ 4.6 gHz
Asus Maximus V Extreme
2x4 gb G-Skill Trident X @ 2400 Mhz
1x MSI nGTX 680 Lightning 2gb
Thermaltake Smart M Series M850W PSU