1) The way to get your own IP-address via ICMP is depricated (meaning: old, should not be used anymore). The modern way is to use DHCP. I didn't even know that ICMP used to have this option.
2) Subnet-masks themselves are old and depricated. We talk about "prefix-length" now. Ever since CIDR (which happened more than 20 years ago) we only talk about prefix-length. 255.255.255.0 in your example is actually in binary 24 ones followed by 8 zeros. And therefor we speak about /24. 255.0.0.0 = /8, 255.255.0.0 = /16, etc. See the table here at the end for a full list of subnet-mask to prefix-length conversions: http://www.gadgetwiz.com/network/netmask.html
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