Yes, and unfortunately it can happen among adult women, too.
Case in point: At work, I'm the new girl. Someone who has been there for much longer but also has lower status than me keeps trying to get me to say something negative about one of my colleagues. I haven't taken the bait and I won't... it smells like a trap to me. Even if I did have a negative opinion, I would keep it to myself unless I was officially questioned by a superior for a good reason. Another case in point: My sister in law doesn't approve of me and has done a stellar job of gossiping about me... this has caused some problems for me socially, but fortunately the particular social circle that involves my husband's family is not one that I want to be a part of! In fact, any social circle that involves gossip (and that includes a lot of PTA groups) can count me out.
My advice to my girls (and the rules I try to live by) consists mainly of 'not engaging' in that type of behavior. Be yourself, avoid gossip, try to maintain a high level of integrity. When girls and women maintain interests BEYOND social relationships, they are much stronger and more interesting. I want to talk about your hobbies, your goals, your dreams, your experiences... NOT what you think about so-and-so's this that and the other.