Actually I made a typo on the month. 9.10 is from the month of October, not September.
9.10 = October, 9.11 = November, 9.12 = December, etc. 9.xx where xx = month. January CCC WHQL driver suite will be called Catalyst 10.1
Inside the driver package you have the display driver, wdm driver, and other software along with the Catalyst control center software.
8.67-091008a-090120E-ATI = the complete 2d,3d,dx,opengl driver package
8.67 = package version. -091008 = released on october 8th 2009
You also see vendor ID, could be ASUS, MSI, ATI etc.
9.11 = Catalyst driver package. 2009 (9) series, month of October (10)
8.14.10.0708 = direct 3d driver version (this is what 99% of most non-opengl 3d applications use to render on the card - this is reported in GPU-z window)
also see 2d version and opengl version.