I don't have much experience with Google and Outlookcalendars syncing to iOS, but it should work just fine. I was going to ask the same question as Dave about exchange, as that's the only thing I can suggest. Do you have your accounts set up correctly and are they set to push in the iOS settings?
Personally I've been using Fantastical for years without a major hiccup. It is pricey on macOS but the iOS version does go on sale for a few bucks. Well worth it for a good interface and timely updates. The developers do charge for major updates (v1 to v2 was paid for example) but minor updates are free.